HARD NEWS IS NO NEWS

Hard news are news that’s are found in inverted pyramid. And inverted pyramid is the journalistic style of writing stories that start with introduction which contains the 5Ws and H (who, where, when, why, and how) also it contain main detail as well minor details, as for now we are in 21^st century the role of inverted pyramid seem to decline at a large speed , but before burying the inverted it is fair to give it a well deserved eulogy, and it is necessary to understand how inverted pyramid existed that it was born soon after the commercialisation of the telegraph, at all the inverted pyramid served the journalist around the world well, no doubt , it programmed the thinking of journalists. It constituted and powered so called newsworthiness as well as news value

The central argument of this is concerns with the whole changes that are occurring in print media, with the use of tradition structure of writing (inverted pyramid) . stories that form as under this old structure are so called hard news as I elaborate before , so now we are in the transformation to the new structure of writing . But hard news are superficial since it is always in deep detail, it tells out the whole meaning of the story and its understandable.

At all the inverted pyramid relies on the reporters interest , what he or she think is the best for the reader and not what the reader is interesting with. And there are other modern newspapers which are on the move to the new style so as to have the large number of readers. In the old system, we had hard news written in the inverted pyramid format and sometimes if we were lucky the news became the subject of a feature and news no longer exist. but now the chief difference between straight news written in the inverted pyramid and features story  is the effort of the reporter to be willingly to put into the story. So the argument here is to take a shift to the new style.

                Newspaper have to play an explanatory role as elaborated more by Yopp and Adams (1999) who acknowledge the changing role of the newspaper story in this era  , that includes newspaper on the internet  that’s for any breaking news it have to published or broadcaster at the same time , the job of magazine and newspaper is to flesh out the headline on television and radio and to provide the substance and follow- up.

To manage or achieved this news paper need to adopt feature formats, using descriptive leads before getting to the nut graphs or the factualness’ , this means that the story heading must attract the reader to go further to main detail . in here the 5Ws H  are not necessary applicable . I f the story was seen in television and heard to the radio the next day of it the news must therefore explain and contextualise what we already saw and heard on the television. And the story should be on pleasurable, captivating pores

For the other meaning, stories in newspaper have to written in so called news featurerised or feature. And for the case that newspaper will continue to be called news paper the distinction between news and feature or news feature will disappear. Tracing back the matter of the fact distinction between news and features began to erode since Second World War.

The implication of this emerging reality for the journalist is sobering. Every one now needs to learn how to write well , how to tell a story , how to conquer words and structures, how to please , how to satisfy the taste of the 21^st century news consumer

That’s means that the texture of journalism education has to change. Journalism programs need to acknowledge the decline and impending irrelevance of the inverted pyramid and took to the future or become themselves irrelevant.

The good writing has to follow what readers or public want to read. It is the time that reports and writers have to feel the thirsty of writing on what the public want.

I agree with the writer because the drown fact are relevant even to my country situations. And it is necessary to adopt the new style ads we see how cloudy the readership scale of newspaper is decline. so journalist must write investigative stories, as well as integrating internet into every aspect of their operation. Also the writers have to shift attention into providing in-depth journalism, analysing fast moving decision. Also the issue of style by creating word picture in which is the hall mark of excellent in newspaper journalism. Again is to provide news analysis, commentaries , feature, article and opinion pieces  

  

DOPFNER'S INTERVIEW

 The hard talk television program  from BBC was done with the Mathias Dopfner the CEO of Axel Springer concerning with the newspaper and the growing of digital or online media .

Dopfner advocated about the business model he wants to do , that he is up to the digital changes by creating out the big Digital publisher in the world and to him publishing is one among the key unique factor for the best journalism .  Worldwide there are changes in transformation of information, and these changes are caused out by the use of online media. Dopfner sees these and he wants to improve the tradition structure of print media, he says that if we recognise what the tradition revenue had done well it is easier to create out the best journalism for the moment. The reasons why dopfner opt to open up the digital publisher company are like he wants to maintain curiosity of the editors reporters in the whole process of their job, that’s many people who are doing online journalism they do it under pressure of meeting the demand of people and forgetting about the rules of journalism that’s resulted to spread of incomplete stories and rumours in which these thing undermine the work of journalist. He is also after increasing advertisement in which the advertising client will soon have the interest in the online news paper, also the issue of access to the particular sources which seems to be difficult in online media but under the supervision of the big digital publisher will be over since they will work under affordable deadline for  submission of story , as well as the limited space under online media, he advocated this business model so as to copy with the changes in the media  and he knows these are changes that journalist all over should fight against but they should shape it in journalism

Dopfner model seems to be difficult to working the current digital environment, because of the competitions with the other digital system out there , that’s it difficult to transform the users or readers whom are used to certain source of information to come back to the new one . also in his approach he maintained the issues of cost as users have to subscribes first with money to get the access to their publishing in other online media doesn’t do, they use free model in their transmission of information , though he argued by pointing one of the online media which have cost in its use but these isn’t easy applicable since there are free service. The other thing is about expertise that now days anyone can be a journalist and not only the journalist but the qualified one due to the increasing speed of the use of online media were by people learn out there and become the best to the industry so for him even if he make it super as he can but still there are challenges out there .

Online journalism seems to be better than print journalism, that’s for me as journalist it is really hurt to say that online journalism is the best journalism than printed journalism but there are things online journalism have, which are better compared to the printed one , first is flexibility factor, in online media one story can be found both in audio, text, picture, as well as videos these attracts newspaper readers to go for online media were they see , hear, also read about the story. The second one is immediacy, the delivery of information in online media are fast compared to the printed one which contains a long process to come out. the other issue is permanence, that any time anywhere with the access to the internet a user can surf and get the information regardless when the story was published but the information is there as always  , things are different in the use of print journalism were by recent story are hard to find in rush moment. Online journalism is defy in physical boarder it not easy to control the spread of internet news, while in news paper there are laws and within it there are newspaper Acts that monitor the distribution of news paper especially in the boarder matter. And in additions the stories in online media seems to  be more depth , faster, cheap as well as efficient.

            As far as the interview is concerned wit the changes in digital environment and the establishment of big digital publisher by dopfner , they also discuss the issue of temptation , that’s if journalist publishes any story that’s awakes peoples feelings may lead to the rise of trouble to the society ,this issue is really relevant to the Tanzanian journalist to work under the right platform , also they discussed the issue of trust , and dopfner suggested the proper way of protecting data by having the users curriculum vitae so as to approve trust to the people  these is also useful in Tanzania journalism as we see the presence of cyber law for the online media. The other thing is that , newspaper as media is there to speak on behalf on other s as it is the voice of voiceless  it have to tell story which are well balanced. This also may be taken in our journalism since it is positive to us.

MURDOCH'S SPEECH

Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers that use the internet protocol suite to link billions of devices worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope , linked by a broad arrays  of electronic wireless, and optic networking technologies. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/internet

There are numbers of reasons toward the use of internet  as the access to information as well as communication in the modern world ,first is the flexibility factor as in audio, text, picture also video . also it is fast to obtain the information , again is permanence in term of information hats it is easy to find any information regardless of time like how long does the information published also there are is the issue of depth in term of information distributed.

According to Rupert Murdoch’s internet has brought changes to the whole system of information accessibility , that are in the way people obtain the information including WHEN  and HOW they get it , where they will get it from , and who they will get it from. Flashing back in America in 1994 the research shows that four{4} out of five {5} Americans read a paper every day but at a modern world only an half do and this is caused up due to the use of internet as the source of information.  So one among the changes of internet is in the delivery system of information, at back people used to newspaper as the source of information but now days we see the delivery system has changed from hard to soft copies. Also Murdoch’s argued on the fact of delivery concerning with young teenage who are seen not interested with news paper that  shows out how internet has bring changes in information access that’s they want news that speaks to them personally news that affect their lives and not other serious issues also they want to use the information in larger community. And also now days anyone can establish a web and post out different information instead of sending a letter to the editor

In Murdock views newspaper industry has been affected by the advent of internet  for the fact that  people now days doesn’t buy newspaper instead they go to websites via smart phones and they read online  and take newspaper just as a paper. Internet seem s to be more faster in transmitting information to the larger group than the newspaper in which the distribution of is the long process and many story become outdated. The other thing is cost, internet seems to be affordable than newspaper, the other issue is about feedback, in internet feedback are not delayed as in newspaper. .

Murdock gives out the suggestion to the editors on how to meet challenges brought by the internet, that’s editors and journalist are advised to be creative to meet the competitions of internet. the challenges are on the readers particularly the teenage  who are the ones in the risk , that they want news on demand, continuously update, they want a point of view not just what happened, but why it happened. Newspapers are advised to shift attention into providing in depth journalism as well as providing news analysis, commentaries, feature, article and opinions pieces. Also he advised editors to be relevant to their readers so as to be competing with the internet.

Murdock views are relevant to Tanzanians newspaper situation, because  the newspaper  future of  Tanzania  is cloudy because the of the decline  due to the increasing speed of internet use .  what  Murdock  addressed  about the newspaper situation was also the same as in Tanzania , so his views are really relevant to Tanzania situation since there is large number of people who search for information online nowadays  compared to the number of people who buy and read newspaper in which its number is critically low. So his views are important for shaping the out the newspaper structure so as to meet the demand of the readers also to compete with the new technology. Also they can use web to encourage readers as well as reporters’ and editors can extend discussion about the way a particular story was reported.

Other challenges newspaper face in Tanzania are like literacy barrier  most of the people doesn’t know how write and read so when it’s come newspaper in which its distribution are on writing form the message targeted cannot reach at the right time . this challenge resulted to the other challenge which is  outdated stories in itself may be caused by the transport problem  due to remoteness of many areas that even the accessibility of getting newspaper on time is difficult , also reading culture of Tanzania is critically poor many people they doesn’t have the tendency of reading naturally